دانلود تحقیق با موضوع طراحی سازمان به همراه ترجمه،
در قالب word و در 10 صفحه، قابل ویرایش.
در قالب word و در 10 صفحه، قابل ویرایش.
بخشی از متن تحقیق:
طراحی سازمان چیست؟
پروسه ای برای بهبود احتمال موفقیت یک سازمان.
به طور خاص ،طراحی سازمان یک پروسه رسمی و مشخص شده برای هماهنگی افراد ، اطلاعات و تکنولوژی یک سازمان می باشد. از این پروسه برای هماهنگی هرچه بیشتر سازمان به اهدافی که قرار است به آنها دست پیدا کرد استفاده می شود. از طریق پروسه طراحی ، سازمانها سعی میکنند تا احتمال اینکه مجموع تلاشهای اعضا موفقیت آمیز باشد افزایش پیدا کند.
عموماً ، طراحی شیوه ای است که در آن تغییر داخلی با راهنمایی یک تسهیل کننده خارجی ایجاد می شود.مدیران و اعضا با یکدیگر کار میکنند تا نیازهای سازمان را مشخص کرده و آنگاه سیستمهایی را ایجاد می کنند که بنحو موثر و کارآمد این نیازها را برآورده سازد. تسهیل کننده اطمینان میدهد که یک پروسه سیستماتیک دنبال می شود و تفکر خلاق را تشویق میکند.
پروسه ای برای بهبود احتمال موفقیت یک سازمان.
به طور خاص ،طراحی سازمان یک پروسه رسمی و مشخص شده برای هماهنگی افراد ، اطلاعات و تکنولوژی یک سازمان می باشد. از این پروسه برای هماهنگی هرچه بیشتر سازمان به اهدافی که قرار است به آنها دست پیدا کرد استفاده می شود. از طریق پروسه طراحی ، سازمانها سعی میکنند تا احتمال اینکه مجموع تلاشهای اعضا موفقیت آمیز باشد افزایش پیدا کند.
عموماً ، طراحی شیوه ای است که در آن تغییر داخلی با راهنمایی یک تسهیل کننده خارجی ایجاد می شود.مدیران و اعضا با یکدیگر کار میکنند تا نیازهای سازمان را مشخص کرده و آنگاه سیستمهایی را ایجاد می کنند که بنحو موثر و کارآمد این نیازها را برآورده سازد. تسهیل کننده اطمینان میدهد که یک پروسه سیستماتیک دنبال می شود و تفکر خلاق را تشویق میکند.
سیستمهای سلسله مراتبی :
سازمانهای غربی به شدت تحت تاثیر ساختار فرمانی و کنترلی سازمانهای کهنه نظامی قرار دارند و با آغاز قرن جدید ،مدیریت علمی به آنها معرفی شد.بیشتر سازمانهای امروزه به صورت بوروکراسی طراحی شده اند که در آنها صاحب اختیار و مسئول به صورت سلسله مراتبی چیده شده اند. در سیستم سلسله مراتبی ،قواعد ، سیاستها ، و دستورالعملها به صورت منظم و غیر شخصی برای اعمال کنترل روی رفتار اعضا اعمال می شود. فعالیت به صورت زیر واحدها(ادارات یا بخشها) تنظیم شده است که در آنها افراد کارهای خاصی همانند ساخت ،فروش یا حسابداری را انجام می دهند.افرادی که کارهای مشابه را انجام می دهند در یک جا قرار می گیرند.
What is Organization Design
A process for improving the probability that an organization will be successful.
More specifically, Organization Design is a formal, guided process for integrating the people, information and technology of an organization. It is used to match the form of the organization as closely as possible to the purpose(s) the organization seeks to achieve. Through the design process, organizations act to improve the probability that the collective efforts of members will be successful.
Typically, design is approached as an internal change under the guidance of an external facilitator. Managers and members work together to define the needs of the organization then create systems to meet those needs most effectively. The facilitator assures that a systematic process is followed and encourages creative thinking.
Hierarchical Systems
Western organizations have been heavily influenced by the command and control structure of ancient military organizations, and by the turn of the century introduction of Scientific Management. Most organizations today are designed as a bureaucracy in which authority and responsibility are arranged in a hierarchy. Within the hierarchy rules, policies, and procedures are uniformly and impersonally applied to exert control over member behaviors. Activity is organized within sub-units (bureaus, or departments) in which people perform specialized functions such as manufacturing, sales, or accounting. People who perform similar tasks are clustered together.
The same basic organizational form is assumed to be appropriate for any organization, be it a government, school, business, church, or fraternity. It is familiar, predictable, and rational. It is what comes immediately to mind when we discover that …we really have to get organized!
As familiar and rational as the functional hierarchy may be, there are distinct disadvantages to blindly applying the same form of organization to all purposeful groups. To understand the problem, begin by observing that different groups wish to achieve different outcomes. Second, observe that different groups have different members, and that each group possesses a different culture. These differences in desired outcomes, and in people, should alert us to the danger of assuming there is any single best way of organizing. To be complete, however, also observe that different groups will likely choose different methods through which they will achieve their purpose. Service groups will choose different methods than manufacturing groups, and both will choose different methods than groups whose purpose is primarily social. One structure cannot possibly fit all….
A process for improving the probability that an organization will be successful.
More specifically, Organization Design is a formal, guided process for integrating the people, information and technology of an organization. It is used to match the form of the organization as closely as possible to the purpose(s) the organization seeks to achieve. Through the design process, organizations act to improve the probability that the collective efforts of members will be successful.
Typically, design is approached as an internal change under the guidance of an external facilitator. Managers and members work together to define the needs of the organization then create systems to meet those needs most effectively. The facilitator assures that a systematic process is followed and encourages creative thinking.
Hierarchical Systems
Western organizations have been heavily influenced by the command and control structure of ancient military organizations, and by the turn of the century introduction of Scientific Management. Most organizations today are designed as a bureaucracy in which authority and responsibility are arranged in a hierarchy. Within the hierarchy rules, policies, and procedures are uniformly and impersonally applied to exert control over member behaviors. Activity is organized within sub-units (bureaus, or departments) in which people perform specialized functions such as manufacturing, sales, or accounting. People who perform similar tasks are clustered together.
The same basic organizational form is assumed to be appropriate for any organization, be it a government, school, business, church, or fraternity. It is familiar, predictable, and rational. It is what comes immediately to mind when we discover that …we really have to get organized!
As familiar and rational as the functional hierarchy may be, there are distinct disadvantages to blindly applying the same form of organization to all purposeful groups. To understand the problem, begin by observing that different groups wish to achieve different outcomes. Second, observe that different groups have different members, and that each group possesses a different culture. These differences in desired outcomes, and in people, should alert us to the danger of assuming there is any single best way of organizing. To be complete, however, also observe that different groups will likely choose different methods through which they will achieve their purpose. Service groups will choose different methods than manufacturing groups, and both will choose different methods than groups whose purpose is primarily social. One structure cannot possibly fit all….
